Pendekatan Onto-Semiotik Berbasis Problem Solving untuk Memperbaiki Pengetahuan Tanda “Sama Dengan”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30762/factor_m.v4i2.3349Keywords:
Knowledge of the equal sign, Onto-semiotic, Problem-Solving, Primary StudentsAbstract
Pengetahuan konsep atau simbol penting bagi siswa sekolah dasar sebagai dasar pemahaman untuk mempelajari aljabar pada tingkat lanjutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan siswa pada tanda sama dengan “=” melalui penerapan pendekatan onto-semiotik berbasis problem solving pada siswa sekolah dasar berdasarkan setiap level pengetahuan dalam konsep kesamaan matematika. Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data sekunder didapat dari literatur yang dianalisis, dikaji, serta terkait dengan fokus penelitian. Analisis studi literatur pengetahuan tanda sama dengan “=” difokuskan pada bilangan cacah yang sesuai dengan kompetensi inti dan kompetensi dasar yang berlaku di kelas satu dan satu sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui penerapan pendekatan onto-semiotik berbasis problem solving dapat membantu siswa untuk mencapai level secara bertahap pada level pertama, kedua, ketiga, serta keempat pada pengetahuan tanda sama dengan "=". Level pertama, siswa berhasil untuk menyelesaikan sistem persamaan dengan format standar. Level kedua, siswa tetap fokus dengan sistem persamaan yang fleksibel dan konsisten dengan pandangan operasional tanda sama dengan "=". Level ketiga, siswa mulai memahami akan relasional dasar meskipun berdampingan dengan pandangan operasional. Level keempat, siswa memiliki pemahaman relasional komparatif pada tanda sama dengan "=".
Knowledge of concepts or symbols is important for elementary school students as the basis for understanding algebra at an advanced level. This study aimed to identify students' knowledge of the equal sign "=" through the application of an onto-semiotic approach based on problem-solving in elementary school students based on each level of knowledge in the concept of mathematical similarity. This research is a literature study using a qualitative descriptive approach. Secondary data is obtained from the literature analyzed, reviewed, and related to the research focus. The analysis of the literature study of the knowledge of the equal sign "=" focused on whole numbers that correspond to the core competencies and basic competencies that apply in grade one and one elementary school. The results of this study indicate that applying an onto-semiotic approach based on problem solving can help students reach the level gradually at the first, second, third, and fourth levels of knowledge of the equal sign "=". In the first level, students succeed in solving a system of equations with a standard format. The second level, students stay focused on a flexible and consistent system of equations with an operational view of the equal sign "=". The third level, students begin to understand the basic relational although side by side with an operational view. The fourth level, students have a comparative relational understanding of the equal sign "=".
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