Peer tutors’ agency and emotions in tertiary English language education in Vietnam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30762/jeels.v12i1.4608Keywords:
peer tutoring, agency, emotion, narrative frame, tertiary English language educationAbstract
Peer support has been found to have significant impacts on language learning as a supplement to formal lessons at school. This study draws on the construct of agency to explore Vietnamese students’ self-regulation, awareness of the responsibility, sociocultural factors affecting peer tutoring, and the emotional experiences shaping their commitment. The participants include one junior and two senior students in the BA in English Language Teaching program who volunteered to support their peers in the General English Program at a private university. They were invited to respond to a narrative frame to reflect on their experiences and the critical incidents they encountered in peer tutoring. Findings show the participants’ ongoing exercise of agency entailing their self-regulation, awareness of responsibility toward working with peers, and sociocultural elements that determined their resilience and levels of enthusiasm. They also found peer tutoring rewarding to their cognitive and affective development in terms of expanding personal relationships, resolving peer conflicts, gaining practical insights, and enhancing linguistic confidence. This study contributes to understandings of peer tutors’ agency, emotions, and relational issues that inform curriculum developers and language teachers in providing students with hands-on opportunities for teaching practice.
Downloads
References
Alrajhi, M. N., & Aldhafri, S. S. (2015). Peer tutoring effects on Omani students’ English self-concept. International Education Studies, 8(6), 184-193. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n6p184
Asanov, N. (2025). “This feeling did not pass”: The emotional labor of multilingual undergraduate peer tutors. Young Scholars in Writing, 22, 52-68.
Barkhuizen, G. (2014). Revisiting narrative frames: An instrument for investigating language teaching and learning. System, 47, 12-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2014.09.014
Barkhuizen, G., Benson, P., & Chik, A. (2014). Narrative inquiry in language teaching and learning research. Routledge.
Benson, P., & Cooker, L. (2013). The social and the individual in Applied Linguistics research. In P. Benson & L. Cooker (Eds.), The applied linguistic individual: Sociocultural approaches to identity, agency and autonomy (pp. 1-16). Equinox.
Chen, X., & Li, L. (2025). Emotion and agency in building a language other than English teacher's research-teaching nexus. System, 129, 103601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2025.103601
Dewaele, J.-M., Botes, E., & Meftah, R. (2023). A three-body problem: The effects of foreign language anxiety, enjoyment, and boredom on academic achievement. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 43, 7-22. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190523000016
Duong, V. T., Tan, P. N., & Truong, V. H. (2024). Mentoring students in Vietnamese higher education institutions. In D. V. Thanh, M. Ashwill, & H. A. Tuan (Eds.), Vietnamese higher education at a crossroads: Transformation during the digital age (pp. 145-202). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61838-3_7
Falchikov, N. (2003). Learning together: Peer tutoring in higher education. Routledge.
Griffiths, K., Kopanidis, F., & Steel, M. (2018). Investigating the value of a peer-to-peer mentoring experience. Australasian Marketing Journal, 26(2), 92-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2018.05.006
Huang, Y. (2023). Examining the relationship between peer support and foreign language emotions in online learning: The mediating effect of self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1148472
Imai, Y. (2010). Emotions in SLA: New insights from collaborative learning for an EFL classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 94(2), 278-292.
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1999). Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive, and individualistic learning (5th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
Lantolf, J. P., & Thorne, S. L. (2006). Sociocultural theory and the genesis of second language development. Oxford University Press.
Le, H.-G., Sok, S., & Heng, K. (2024). The benefits of peer mentoring in higher education: Findings from a systematic review. Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, 31, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi31.1159
Loda, T., Erschens, R., Loenneker, H., Keifenheim, K. E., Nikendei, C., Junne, F., . . . Herrmann-Werner, A. (2019). Cognitive and social congruence in peer-assisted learning – A scoping review. PLoS ONE, 14(9), e0222224. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222224
Luu, T. Q. H., Sit, H. H. W., & Chen, S. (2023). Development of English Medium Instruction (EMI). In T. Q. H. Luu, H. H. W. Sit, & S. Chen (Eds.), Cultural interactions of English-medium instruction at Vietnamese universities: The Western proposition by the Eastern implementation (pp. 11-38). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8098-5_2
MacIntyre, P., & Gregersen, T. (2012). Emotions that facilitate language learning: The positive-broadening power of the imagination. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2(2), 193-213.
MacIntyre, P. D., & Vincze, L. (2017). Positive and negative emotions underlie motivation for L2 learning. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 7(1), 61-88. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2017.7.1.4
Mannon, B. (2021). Centering the emotional labor of writing tutors. The Writing Center Journal, 39(1/2), 143-168.
Mercer, S. (2012). The complexity of learner agency. Apples-Journal of Applied Language Studies, 6(2), 41-59.
Namaziandost, E., Behbahani, H. K., & Naserpour, A. (2024). Peer support in language learning: Mitigating anxiety, enhancing achievement, cultivating growth mindsets, and increasing enjoyment. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 7(2), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2024.7.2.40
Nelson, M., Weaver, K., Deges, S., Ruengvirayudh, P., Garcia, S., & Dunn, S. (2022). Does peer-to-peer writing tutoring cause stress? A multi-institutional RAD study. The Writing Center Journal, 40(3), 21-37. https://doi.org/10.7771/2832-9414.1016
Parker, E. R., Tariq, A. H., & Smith, A. J. (2023). Exploring the effectiveness of peer tutoring in English language learning among young learners. Research Studies in English Language Teaching and Learning, 1(2), 103-112. https://doi.org/10.62583/rseltl.v1i2.13
Pham, C. H. (2024a). Narrative inquiry. In H. P. Bui (Ed.), Applied linguistics and language education research methods: Fundamentals and innovations (pp. 150-163). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2603-9.ch010
Pham, C. H. (2024b). Qualitative data analysis. In H. P. Bui (Ed.), Applied linguistics and language education research methods: Fundamentals and innovations (pp. 55-69). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2603-9.ch005
Pham , T. T. (2024). Enhancing emotional intelligence of adult learners in online EFL teaching: Insights from Vietnamese educators. TESL-EJ, 28(3), n3. https://doi.org/10.55593/ej.28111a8
Richards, J. C. (2020). Exploring emotions in language teaching. RELC Journal, 53(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0033688220927531
Solhi, M. (2024). Do L2 teacher support and peer support predict L2 speaking motivation in online classes? The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 33, 829–842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-023-00767-5
Tanga, M., & Luggya, S. (2022). Teaching and learning in a South African university: Are peer facilitators’ strategies succeeding? Journal of Academic Ethics, 20, 3-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-020-09361-6
Topping, K. J. (2005). Trends in peer learning. Educational Psychology, 25(6), 631-645. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410500345172
Topping, K. J., Dehkinet, R., Blanch, S., Corcelles, M., & Duran, D. (2013). Paradoxical effects of feedback in international online reciprocal peer tutoring. Computers & Education, 61, 225-231. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.10.002
Truong, T. D., Hallinger, P., & Sanga, K. (2017). Confucian values and school leadership in Vietnam: Exploring the influence of culture on principal decision making. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 45(1), 77-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143215607877
van Lier, L. (2008). Agency in the classroom. In J. P. Lantolf & M. E. Poehner (Eds.), Sociocultural theory and the teaching of second languages (pp. 163-188). Equinox Pub.
Wang, J. (2020). Friendship group activities: Voices from Chinese EFL learners. English Language Teaching, 14(1), 140. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n1p140
Wang, J. (2021). Friendship group activities: Voices from Chinese EFL learners. English Language Teaching, 14(1), 140-151. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v14n1p140
Webb, S. (2012). Online tutoring and emotional labour in the private sector. Journal of Workplace Learning, 24(5), 365-388.
Zapata, S. (2020). Perceptions of peer tutoring at a university in Chile. Magis, 12(25), 21-38. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.m12-25.pptu
Zhang, Y., & Zhang, L. J. (2024). “Good for me to leave it for good”: A longitudinal study on how emotion labor in teaching contributes to a beginning EFL teacher's resignation. TESOL Quarterly, 58(4), 1460-1492. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.3289
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 JEELS (Journal of English Education and Linguistics Studies)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.








